Napoleon s Downfall Of The Utopian Vision Of Animal Farm...

After the revolution, Manor Farm was renamed to Animal Farm and the Seven Commandments of animalism were established to ensure equality. The pigs became the supervisors of the farm. However, the rivalry between two pigs Snowball and Napoleon made Napoleon use force. Napoleon ordered his dogs to chase out Snowball from the farm in order to become the only leader. Napoleon’s selfishness and corrupt power made him commit different atrocities against his own comrades. As a result, the lives of the animals except for the pigs and dogs were of tyranny and inequality. Napoleon became worse than their former human master. The animals spent the rest of his life almost starving and working in the construction of the windmill that was destroyed several times. The abolishment of Sunday morning meetings, the public execution of animals, and the drinking of alcohol were the most important changes that facilitated the transformation of animal farm, and Napoleon as the most responsible for th e downfall of the utopian vision of Animal Farm. The abolishment of Sunday morning meetings facilitated the transformation of animal farm because the animals lost their right to vote. One of the traditions established after the revolution was the Sunday morning meeting where all the animals gathered together for a general assembly. They planned out the work for the following week and debated the resolutions. The pigs always put forward the resolutions because they were smarter animals. However, all

Engineer in Society Free Essays

string(27) " completed design is safe\." Engineers work to develop economic and safe solutions to practical problems, by applying mathematics, scientific knowledge and ingenuity while considering technical constraints. The term is derived from the Latin root â€Å"ingenium,† meaning â€Å"cleverness†. The industrial revolution and continuing technological developments of the last few centuries have changed the connotation of the term slightly, resulting in the perception of engineers as applied scientists. We will write a custom essay sample on Engineer in Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now The work of engineers is the link between perceived needs of society and commercial applications. As for engineering definition it is a discipline, art and profession of acquiring and applying technical, scientific, and mathematical knowledge to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and processes that safely realize a desired objective or invention. The broad discipline of engineering encompasses a range of more specialized sub disciplines, each with a more specific emphasis on certain fields of application and particular areas of technology. The concept of engineering has existed since ancient times as humans devised fundamental inventions such as the pulley, lever, and wheel. Each of these inventions is consistent with the modern definition of engineering, exploiting basic mechanical principles to develop useful tools and objects. The term engineering itself has a much more recent etymology, deriving from the word engineer, which itself dates back to 1325, when an engine’er (literally, one who operates an engine) originally referred to â€Å"a constructor of military engines. † In this context, now obsolete, an â€Å"engine† referred to a military machine, i. e. , a mechanical contraption used in war (for example, a catapult). The word â€Å"engine† itself is of even older origin, ultimately deriving from the Latin ingenium (c. 250), and meaning â€Å"innate quality, especially mental power, hence a clever invention. † Later, as the design of civilian structures such as bridges and buildings matured as a technical discipline, the term civil engineering entered the lexicon as a way to distinguish between those specializin g in the construction of such non-military projects and those involved in the older discipline of military engineering (the original meaning of the word â€Å"engineering,† now largely obsolete, with notable exceptions that have survived to the present day such as military engineering corps, e. g. the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Engineering, much like other science, is a broad discipline which is often broken down into several sub-disciplines. With the rapid advancement of technology many new fields are gaining prominence and new branches are developing such as materials engineering, computer engineering, software engineering, nanotechnology, tribology, molecular engineering, mechatronics, etc. These new specialties sometimes combine with the traditional fields and form new branches such as mechanical engineering and mechatronics and electrical and computer engineering. A new or emerging area of application will commonly be defined temporarily as a permutation or subset of existing disciplines; there is often gray area as to when a given sub-field becomes large and/or prominent enough to warrant classification as a new â€Å"branch. † One key indicator of such emergence is when major universities start establishing departments and programs in the new field. For each of these fields there exists considerable overlap, especially in the areas of the application of sciences to their disciplines such as physics, chemistry and mathematics. Engineering is a subject that ranges from large collaborations to small individual projects. Almost all engineering projects are beholden to some sort of financing agency: a company, a set of investors, or a government. The few types of engineering that are minimally constrained by such issues are pro bono engineering and open design engineering. By its very nature engineering is bound up with society and human behaviour. Every product or construction used by modern society will have been influenced by engineering design. Engineering design is a very powerful tool to make changes to environment, society and economies, and its application brings with it a great responsibility. Many lists of engineering societies have established codes of practice and codes of ethics to guide members and inform the public at large. Engineering projects can be subject to controversy. Examples from different engineering disciplines include the development of nuclear weapons, the Three Gorges Dam, the design and use of Sport utility vehicles and the extraction of oil. In response, some western engineering companies have enacted serious corporate and social responsibility policies. Engineering is a key driver of human development. Sub-Saharan Africa in particular has a very small engineering capacity which results in many African nations being unable to develop crucial infrastructure without outside aid. The attainment of many of the Millennium Development Goals requires the achievement of sufficient engineering capacity to develop infrastructure and sustainable technological development. Safety is the state of being â€Å"safe† (from French sauf), the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be considered non-desirable. This can take the form of being protected from the event or from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses. It can include protection of people or of possessions. Safety engineering is an applied science strongly related to systems engineering and the subset System Safety Engineering. Safety engineering assures that a life-critical system behaves as needed even when pieces fail. Continuous changes in technology, environmental regulation and public safety concerns make the analysis of complex safety-critical systems more and more demanding. Safety is often seen as one of a group of related disciplines: quality, reliability, availability, maintainability and safety. These issues tend to determine the value of any work, and deficits in any of these areas are considered to result in a cost, beyond the cost of addressing the area in the first place; good management is then expected to minimize total cost. Theoretically, safety-engineers take an early design of a system, analyze it to find what faults can occur, and then propose safety requirements in design specifications up front and changes to existing systems to make the system safer. But actually, safety engineers are assigned to prove that an existing, completed design is safe. You read "Engineer in Society" in category "Papers" If a safety engineer then discovers significant safety problems late in the design process, correcting them can be very expensive. This type of error has the potential to waste large sums of money. The exception to this conventional approach is the way some large government agencies approach safety engineering from a more proactive and proven process perspective, known as â€Å"system safety†. The system safety philosophy is to be applied to complex and critical systems, such as commercial airliners, complex weapon systems, spacecraft, rail and transportation systems, air traffic control system and other complex and safety-critical industrial systems. The proven system safety methods and techniques are to prevent, eliminate and control hazards and risks through designed influences by a collaboration of key engineering disciplines and product teams. Software safety is a fast growing ield since modern systems functionality are increasingly being put under control of software. The whole concept of system safety and software safety, as a subset of systems engineering, is to influence safety-critical systems designs by conducting several types of hazard analyses to identify risks and to specify design safety features and procedures to strategically mitigate risk to acceptable levels before the system is certified. Additionally, failure mitigation can go beyond design recommenda tions, particularly in the area of maintenance. There is an entire realm of safety and reliability engineering known as Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM), which is a discipline that is a direct result of analyzing potential failures within a system and determining maintenance actions that can mitigate the risk of failure. This methodology is used extensively on aircraft and involves understanding the failure modes of the serviceable replaceable assemblies in addition to the means to detect or predict an impending failure. Every automobile owner is familiar with this concept when they take in their car to have the oil changed or brakes checked. Even filling up one’s car with fuel is a simple example of a failure mode (failure due to fuel exhaustion), a means of detection (fuel gauge), and a maintenance action (filling the car’s fuel tank). For large scale complex systems, hundreds if not thousands of maintenance actions can result from the failure analysis. These maintenance actions are based on conditions (e. g. , gauge reading or leaky valve), hard conditions (e. . , a component is known to fail after 100 hrs of operation with 95% certainty), or require inspection to determine the maintenance action (e. g. , metal fatigue). The RCM concept then analyzes each individual maintenance item for its risk contribution to safety, mission, operational readiness, or cost to repair if a failure does occur. Then the sum total of all the maintenance actions are bundled into maintenance intervals so that maintenance is not occurring around the clock, but rather, at regular intervals. This bundling process introduces further complexity, as it might stretch some maintenance cycles, thereby increasing risk, but reduce others, thereby potentially reducing risk, with the end result being a comprehensive maintenance schedule, purpose built to reduce operational risk and ensure acceptable levels of operational readiness and availability. The two most common fault modelling techniques are called failure mode and effects analysis and fault tree analysis. These techniques are just ways of inding problems and of making plans to cope with failures, as in probabilistic risk assessment. One of the earliest complete studies using this technique on a commercial nuclear plant was the WASH-1400 study, also known as the Reactor Safety Study or the Rasmussen Report. Once a failure mode is identified, it can usually be prevented entirely by adding extra equipment to the system. For example, nuclear reactors contain dangerous radiation, and nuclear reactions can cause so much heat tha t no substance might contain them. Therefore reactors have emergency core cooling systems to keep the temperature down, shielding to contain the radiation, and engineered barriers (usually several, nested, surmounted by a containment building) to prevent accidental leakage. Most biological organisms have a certain amount of redundancy: multiple organs, multiple limbs, etc. For any given failure, a fail-over or redundancy can almost always be designed and incorporated into a system. Health is the general condition of a person in all aspects. It is also a level of functional and/or metabolic efficiency of an organism, often implicitly human. At the time of the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 1948, health was defined as being â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. Only a handful of publications have focused specifically on the definition of health and its evolution in the first 6 decades. Some of them highlight its lack of operational value and the problem created by use of the word â€Å"complete. Others declare the definition, which has not been modified since 1948, â€Å"simply a bad one. † In 1986, the WHO, in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, said that health is â€Å"a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities. † Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC), which is composed of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) also define health. Overall health is achieved through a combination of physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being, which, together is commonly referred to as the Health Triangle. Health and working together safety engineers plan, implement, and coordinate safety programs to prevent or correct unsafe environmental working conditions. They promote workplace and product safety by identifying and monitoring potential hazards to people or property. They then apply an advanced knowledge of industrial processes and human performance principles to reduce or eliminate the risk of injury or damage. To create a safe and environmentally sound workplace, engineers coordinate with outside organizations, such as fire departments or the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA); design and install safety devices on machinery or clothing; and investigate causes of industrial accidents to prevent further incidents. They also conduct tests to ascertain air quality, noise level, temperature, or radiation. Once the analysis is complete, they then consult with governmental organizations on how to handle such problems in compliance with safety regulations. Health and safety engineers then coordinate the training of workers on safety procedures using safety equipment, devices, and clothing. Working under the Health Department and the work involves is the planning, administration and performance of public health engineering duties concerned with the execution of one or more phases of the environmental health program. The work entails advising public officials or individuals on problems requiring professional public health engineering expertise, including measures for improvement and compliance with legal requirements, assisting in the promotion of public health through application of environmental health practices, assisting in the enforcement of the provisions of local and State health matters and investigations of related conditions and problems. The work is performed under general supervision of a Senior Public Health Engineer with leeway allowed for exercise of independent judgment in carrying out details of the work. Engineers also played a relatively indirect role in medicine until the last 40 to 50 years. They produced instruments and articles specified by doctors and medical practitioners. There was however an interesting contribution made by Isambard Kingdom Brunel in 1855. He responded to the scandal of the appalling conditions of the Crimean War military hospital, publicised by Florence Nightingale, by designing the first portable hospital of one thousand beds within six days of receiving a request for help from the War Office. The project was completed in five months from design to admission of the first wounded soldier. The introduction of anaesthetics in 1846 fundamentally changed surgery by suppressing pain. This gave surgeons more time and allowed for the developments of new techniques which made surgery more constructive. However modern medical developments really began in 1876 when Robert Koch, a German doctor, proved for the first time that microorganisms could cause disease. The first chemical agent to attack infection, salvarsan or ‘606’ (arsenobenzene) was developed by Paul Ehrlich in 1910 and although it had many side effects, remained the only means of curing acute infection until the second world war when penicillin was introduced. Although penicillin was originally discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928, it was the innovation and ingenuity of chemists and engineers such as Ernst Chain, who built for Beechams the fermenter which enabled bulk semi-synthetic penicillins to be produced. Whilst chemists and engineers were involved in delivering the benefits of microorganisms such as antibiotics and vaccines, electrical engineers were advancing and applying technology to the benefit of healthcare. Of special merit was Godfrey Hounsfield’s singular contribution in the 1960s of the development of three dimensional reconstructions from two dimensional (2D) X-rays, namely the brain scanner, later to be developed into the body scanner. Engineering in medicine has been an important and it’s believed that the role of the engineer in many areas of healthcare will grow. Constant innovation and development is needed to avoid the generations of the 21st century looking back at our surgical and medical techniques with the same appalled fascination in the 19th century. The ever-expanding array of medical technologies includes artificial hips and organs, endoscopy (enabling minimally invasive surgery), intelligent prosthetic devices (artificial limbs, hearing aids) and implantable devices (pacemaker, defibrillator), novel technologies used in cardiac catheterization, patient monitoring, and medical imaging. These developments have had a tremendous impact on the medical industry and have led to numerous technologies and medical devices without which modern medicine would be unthinkable. Today’s activities range from nano- to information technology and involve such diverse applications as microsensors, artificial organs, physiological modelling, genomics, molecular imaging, home care monitoring, ergonomics, information processing, data management, and patient safety. Environment in this case is natural environment, commonly referred to simply as the environment, encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by two components. Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive human intervention, including all vegetation, animals, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries. Others is universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from human activity. The natural environment is contrasted with the built environment, which comprises the areas and components that are strongly influenced by humans. A geographical area is regarded as a natural environment (with an indefinite article), if the human impact on it is kept under a certain limited level. In engineering, is more related with environmental engineering whereas define as the application of science and engineering principles to improve the environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted sites. Environmental engineering involves water and air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, and public health issues as well as knowledge of environmental engineering law. It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects. Environmental engineers conduct hazardous-waste management studies to evaluate the significance of such hazards, advice on treatment and containment, and develop regulations to prevent mishaps. Environmental engineers also design municipal water supply and industrial wastewater treatment systems as well as address local and worldwide environmental issues such as the effects of acid rain, ozone depletion, water pollution and air pollution from automobile exhausts and industrial sources. At many universities, Environmental Engineering programs follow either the Department of Civil Engineering or The Department of Chemical Engineering at engineering faculties. Environmental â€Å"civil† engineers focus on hydrology, water resources management, bioremediation, and water treatment plant design. Environmental â€Å"chemical† engineers, on the other hand, focus on environmental chemistry, advanced air and water treatment technologies and separation processes. Additionally, engineers are more frequently obtaining specialized training in law (J. D. ) and are utilizing their technical expertise in the practices of Environmental engineering law. Most jurisdictions also impose licensing and registration requirements. Modern environmental engineering began in London in the mid-19th century when Joseph Bazalgette designed the first major sewerage system that reduced the incidence of waterborne diseases such as cholera. The introduction of drinking water treatment and sewage treatment in industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases from leading causes of death to rarities. In many cases, as societies grew, actions that were intended to achieve benefits for those societies had longer-term impacts which reduced other environmental qualities. One example is the widespread application of DDT to control agricultural pests in the years following World War II. While the agricultural benefits were outstanding and crop yields increased dramatically, thus reducing world hunger substantially, and malaria was controlled better than it ever had been, numerous species were brought to the verge of extinction due to the impact of the DDT on their reproductive cycles. The story of DDT as vividly told in Rachel Carson’s â€Å"Silent Spring† is considered to be the birth of the modern environmental movement and the development of the modern field of â€Å"environmental engineering. † Conservation movements and laws restricting public actions that would harm the environment have been developed by various societies for millennia. Notable examples are the laws decreeing the construction of sewers in London and Paris in the 19th century and the creation of the U. S. national park system in the early 20th century. Briefly speaking, the main task of environmental engineering is to protect public health by protecting (from further degradation), preserving (the present condition of), and enhancing the environment. Pollutants may be chemical, biological, thermal, radioactive, or even mechanical. Environmental engineering emphasizes several areas: process engineering, environmental chemistry, water and sewage treatment (sanitary engineering), waste reduction/management, and pollution prevention/cleanup. Contribution to society is engineers and scientists assess the impacts of a proposed project on environmental conditions. They apply scientific and engineering principles to evaluate if there are likely to be any adverse impacts to water quality, air quality, habitat quality, flora and fauna, agricultural capacity, traffic impacts, social impacts, ecological impacts, noise impacts, visual (landscape) impacts, etc. If impacts are expected, they then develop mitigation measures to limit or prevent such impacts. An example of a mitigation measure would be the creation of wetlands in a nearby location to mitigate the filling in of wetlands necessary for a road development if it is not possible to reroute the road. Engineers and scientists also work to secure water supplies for potable and agricultural use. They evaluate the water balance within a watershed and determine the available water supply, the water needed for various needs in that watershed, the seasonal cycles of water movement through the watershed and they develop systems to store, treat, and convey water for various uses. Water is treated to achieve water quality objectives for the end uses. In the case of potable water supply, water is treated to minimize risk of infectious disease transmittal, risk of non-infectious illness, and create a palatable water flavour. Water distribution systems are designed and built to provide adequate water pressure and flow rates to meet various end-user needs such as domestic use, fire suppression, and irrigation. Most urban and many rural areas no longer discharge human waste directly to the land through outhouse, septic, and/or honey bucket systems, but rather deposit such waste into water and convey it from households via sewer systems. Engineers and scientists develop collection and treatment systems to carry this waste material away from where people live and produce the waste and discharge it into the environment. In developed countries, substantial resources are applied to the treatment and detoxification of this waste before it is discharged into a river, lake, or ocean system. Developing nations are striving to obtain the resources to develop such systems so that they can improve water quality in their surface waters and reduce the risk of water-borne infectious disease. There are numerous wastewater treatment technologies. A wastewater treatment train can consist of a primary clarifier system to remove solid and floating materials, a secondary treatment system consisting of an aeration basin followed by flocculation and sedimentation or an activated sludge system and a secondary clarifier, a tertiary biological nitrogen removal system, and a final disinfection process. The aeration basin/activated sludge system removes organic material by growing bacteria (activated sludge). The secondary clarifier removes the activated sludge from the water. The tertiary system, although not always included due to costs, is becoming more prevalent to remove nitrogen and phosphorus and to disinfect the water before discharge to a surface water stream or ocean outfall. Engineers apply scientific and engineering principles to the design of manufacturing and combustion processes to reduce air pollutant emissions to acceptable levels. Scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, catalytic converters, and various other processes are utilized to remove particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), reactive organic gases (ROG) and other air pollutants from flue gases and other sources prior to allowing their emission to the atmosphere. Scientists also have developed air pollution dispersion models to evaluate the concentration of a pollutant at a receptor or the impact on overall air quality from vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions. To some extent, this field overlaps the desire to decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes. Technology is an application of knowledge to the practical aims of human life or to changing and manipulating the human environment. Technology includes the use of materials, tools, techniques, and sources of power to make life easier or more pleasant and work more productive. Whereas science is concerned with how and why things happen, technology focuses on making things happen. Technology began to influence human endeavour as soon as people began using tools. It accelerated with the Industrial Revolution and the substitution of machines for animal and human labour. Accelerated technological development has also had costs, in terms of air and water pollution and other undesirable environmental effects. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species’ ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. The human species’ use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. Engineering is the goal-oriented process of designing and making tools and systems to exploit natural phenomena for practical human means, often (but not always) using results and techniques from science. The development of technology may draw upon many fields of knowledge, including scientific, engineering, mathematical, linguistic, and historical knowledge, to achieve some practical result. Technology is often a consequence of science and engineering — although technology as a human activity precedes the two fields. For example, science might study the flow of electrons in electrical conductors, by using already-existing tools and knowledge. This new-found knowledge may then be used by engineers to create new tools and machines, such as semiconductors, computers, and other forms of advanced technology. In this sense, scientists and engineers may both be considered technologists; the three fields are often considered as one for the purposes of research and reference. As for conclusion, engineer and engineering plays vital role in our life. Engineer has contribute a lot with the careful research and development using all the mathematical and science related in creating, solving and also improve our daily life. In existent of engineer also we are aware in the safety, health and environment. In ways, engineers identify what is safe and what not. Engineer create something in aided the medical profession thus improving the quality of life. Engineer also contributes in preventing pollution to occur and also find alternative for not destroying the environment. With more technological advancement, engineer have unlimited to what they can do in contribution to the society. Engineer must bear in mind, that everything must have it weakness and consequences. As such, engineer with obligation to serve the society must have good research and have think all the effect that could have happen before doing anything. How to cite Engineer in Society, Papers

Themes Merchant of Venice free essay sample

The themes of Shakespeare’s plays are just as relevant to today’s society as they were in his day. Discuss making close reference to The Merchant of Venice. In The Merchant of Venice hate, loyalty, pride and prejudice, love and friendship are just some of the themes investigated with in the play. These themes, although were evident in the time of Shakespeare, are just as significant and universal today. Shylock, the Jew, explores most of these negative themes as in the play he is depicted as being driven by hate. On the other hand though characters such as Bassanio and Antonio are portrayed with the themes of positivity. Shylock and Antonio’s relationship is greatly complex, in that it has many issues that contribute to their affiliation of hate. They were business rivals. However, Antonios main business is that of a merchant, buying and selling goods and shipping them to other ports, whereas Shylock is a moneylender who makes money by charging interest on loans. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes Merchant of Venice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is not Shylocks job by choicethere were a limited number of jobs, which Jews were allowed to do, and this was one of them. However, Antonio has been lending money to people without interest, which cuts into Shylocks business. Its rather like having a business competitor move in and start giving away the goods you are trying to sell. Hes going to put you out of business. Antonio has other resources, which enable him to lend money gratis Shylock has not. On top of that, Antonio is rude and condescending to Shylock just because he is Jewish. This is stated by Shylock by asking Antonio’s friends â€Å"What is his reason? I am a Jew. † He may not be the rudest and most condescending person in Venice toward Jews, but the fact that he is lumps him in with the worst offenders in Shylocks mind. Shylock is the pure icon of hatred in the play. As we have previously found out Antonio hates him because he is a Jew. Shylock tells us of his discrimination by saying; â€Å"You spit on me Wednesday last, you spurn’d me such a day another time you called me dog†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In his aside he tells us again of his hate by testifying; â€Å"I hate him for he is a Christian†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Shylock continuously tells us of his hate and prejudice towards Christians, in particular Antonio. In general most of the hate in the play is the cause of racism and discrimination. The loyalty between Bassanio and Antonio becomes evident in the first act of the play when Antonio loans Bassanio a large sum of money and takes him on his word that he will repay it. From Bassanios words, we realize that this has taken place before, I owe you much, and like a willful youth that which I owe is lost, but if you please to shoot another arrow that self way which you did shoot the first, I do not doubt as I will watch the aim, or to find both or bring your latter hazard back again and thankfully rest debtor for the first. From this quote, it seems Bassanio has borrowed money to Antonio before and hasnt repaid the debts, and yet Antonio still loans to him again out of sheer loyalty to friends. Bassanio towards the end of the play returns ? this loyalty to Antonio when Bassanio races home from his Belmont to save Antonio from his debt to Shylock. Bassanio actually puts a quantitative value on his loyalty, But life itself, my wife, and all the world are not with me esteemd above thy life. I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all Here to this devil, to deliver you. Bassanio actually offers to give over his own life and all of his loved possessions to save Antonio-his loyalty are greater than the repayment of the financial debt he owes to Antonio. As well as loyalty, Antonio and Bassanio have a very strong friendship on the verge of a bromance. Bassanios love life is the first thing Antonio brings up with Bassanio when theyre alone together in the play in saying; â€Å"Well; tell me now what lady is the same? to whom you swore a secret pilgrimage, ? that you to-day promisd to tell me of? † Maybe hes just one of those guys who likes to gossip, or maybe Bassanio has been on his mind. Bassanios new courtship seems likely to be the source of Antonios sadness, as its at the forefront of his mind. Antonio clearly cares deeply about Bassanio as a friend, and hes facing the fact that he might lose him to this woman. Bassanio says hes sharing with Antonio because theyre friend by saying; â€Å"To you, Antonio, I owe the most, in money and in love; and from your love I have a warranty to unburden all my plots and purposes how to get clear of all the debts I owe. † He makes explicit that he owes Antonio the most in money and love. It turns out that Antonio has been very generous with Bassanio, who has a hard time keeping his finances in order. This is our first hint that friendship might mean a different thing for Bassanio than it does for Antonio. Bassanio might just be working on Antonios affection in order to keep his purse strings open. Bassanios love life is the first thing Antonio brings up with Bassanio when theyre alone together in the play. Maybe hes just one of those guys who likes to gossip, or maybe Bassanio has been on his mind. Bassanios new courtship seems likely to be the source of Antonios sadness, as its at the forefront of his mind. Antonio clearly cares deeply about Bassanio as a friend, and hes facing the fact that he might lose him to this woman. As you can see the themes in The Merchant of Venice are as applicable to today’s society as they were back in Shakespeare’s time. Hate, pride, prejudice, friendship and loyalty are all very universal themes in both time and space. We learn about these themes mainly through Antonio, Bassanio and Shylock each representing their respective personalities. To conclude the themes that William Shakespeare uses in The Merchant of Venice are both evident in both our societies.

Marketing mix free essay sample

The marketing mix for a product is a major factor in influencing whether a business can sell it profitably. The marketing mix is made up of seven interrelated decisions ? the 7Ps. The four key ones are product, price, promotion (including advertising and packaging) and place (where and how a product will be sold to consumers). The other 3Ps largely relate to marketing services – people, process and physical evidence. Consumers require the right product. This might be an existing product, an adaptation of an existing product or a newly developed one. The right price is important too. If set too low, then consumers may lose confidence in the product’s quality; if too high, then many will be unable to afford it. Promotion must be effective – telling consumers about the product’s availability and convincing them that ‘your brand’ is the one to choose. Packaging is often used to reinforce this image. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Place refers to how the product is distributed to the consumer. If it is not available at the right time in the right place, then even the best product in the world will not be bought in the quantities expected. Selling services successfully requires people who can interact positively with customers and create the correct impression to encourage them to return. This is particularly relevant in the hotel and restaurant industry. The processes that a business has in place to satisfy customers’ wants reliably and consistently form an important part of marketing services. For example, banks replacing an out-of-date debit card without the customer having to ask for one. Physical evidence means allowing customers to see for themselves the quality of the service being provided. This will reduce the element of risk in buying a service as opposed to a tangible product. For example, a clean and well-presented reception area in a hotel would raise appropriate expectations in the mind of the customer. Not all of the 7Ps have the same degree of significance in every case. It is vital that these elements fit together into a coherent and integrated plan. An appropriate marketing mix will ensure that these marketing decisions are interrelated. They must be carefully coordinated to make sure that customers are not confused by conflicting messages being given about the good or service being sold. These are all examples of poorly integrated marketing decisions. The marketing strategies – shown in bold – lack integration with the rest of the marketing mix and are therefore inappropriate. If the messages consumers receive about a product are confused or lacking in focus, they may fail to recognize the true identity or ‘personality’ of the product. Consumers are likely to reject products where the marketing mix has not communicated a clear and unambiguous message, resulting in fewer long term sales. Marketing Mix free essay sample As the most popular electronics company among consumers in the world, Samsung owns a good reputation. Moreover, Samsung occupies more than 20% of total export in South Korea (Samsungish, 2010). Currently, the innovation and high quality of Samsung’s products are recognized by the whole world (SAMSUNG, 2010a). 1. 2 Theory 1. 2. 1 Market Segmentation Market segmentation means that businesses divide their markets into a few sections with similar features, so that they can target different groups of consumers and produce merchandise or service for them. Market segmentation is classified into four methods which are geography, demography, psychology and behaviors (Hall et al, 2008). Marketing mix Marketing mix is defined as â€Å"those elements of a firm’s marketing strategy which are designed to meet the needs of its customers†. There are four factors which are called 4Ps, and they are product, price, promotion, and place (Hall et al, 2008:75). Aims The objective of this report is to analyze the differences of the market segmentation and marketing mix of LG and SAMSUNG. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Findings LG LG, a well-known brand around the world, is to sell TVs to rural areas in China (Articlesbase, 2010). Home appliances such as TVs, washing machines, and refrigerators are LG electronics’ major products (LG Electronics, 2010). In addition, LG is adept in using advertisements to attract shoppers (Pakistan amp; Gulf Economist, 2005). SAMSUNG Similarly, Samsung sells its products in the world. It not only sells to cities but also rural areas. In order to privilege consumers, Samsung holds promotional events to attract shoppers. However, Samsung has some products which LG does not produce, such as PC peripherals, print solutions, and memory cards (SAMSUNG, 2010b). Discussion Market segmentation LG An obvious way of segmenting market is geography. LG Electronics sells its merchandise spread all over the world, especially well-known countries, for example, LG digital television in China. Yucheng Zheng (2010), the CEO of LG Electronics (China) Co. , Ltd. , reported that LG launched a project to promote digital television in rural area in China. LG targets at the rural market and provides digital TVs and home applicants for rural consumers. The emphasis of rural segment is â€Å"price competitiveness†. LG is going to reduce the price of its products so that it can develop well (Articlesbase, 2010). SAMSUNG Samsung focuses on rural area as well, for example, the Samsung color TV in rural area and urban area of China. This segment involves â€Å"mass market, low- and medium-end units to rural customers or high-end products to urban customers† (EssayForStudent, n. d). To deal with an extensive product line, a mass market capacitates Samsung to satisfy consumer needs. Because Samsung enters China market late, it faces challenges to be succeeded in mass market. Furthermore, the rural market, which is approximately 80% of the whole market, is aimed by Samsung via the â€Å"low-end units†. However, because of the previous businesses of â€Å"low-cost, low-end color TVs†, Samsung had to exploit a new â€Å"high-end TVs† in urban market. With the remarkable improvement of peoples living standard, the quantity of high-end TVs in urban market in China is increasing though the segment is not big (EssayForStudent, n. d). Marketing Mix LG Product LG pays attention to upper and upper middle classes and provides products for those consumers. High quality and good service of LG products are so progressive that products are output to developed countries (Pakistan amp; Gulf Economist, 2005). LG Electronics (2010) in China shows that the products include TV audio video, mobile phones, home appliances, IT products, and air conditioning (LG Electronics, 2010). Price The pricing strategy of LG is â€Å"cost plus fixed mark up†. Following the pricing policy, LG’s formula is â€Å"import cost + reasonable gross profit†. The formula is used to cover the market cost and make profits in any market including China (Pakistan amp; Gulf Economist, 2005). An LG’s cell phone called Lollipop cost RMB 2,000 in 2009, when it first appeared in China. Promotion One effective way of promotion is advertisement. As a famous brand, LG advertises its products to get promoted (Pakistan amp; Gulf Economist, 2005). LG is accustomed to inviting famous stars to advertise its merchandise. For instance, Kim Tae-Hee, a famous actress, advertised for LG mobile phone and camera. Her advertisements attract young shoppers in China to buy relative merchandise. Place LG’s merchandise is sold throughout the world, especially developed regions. There are numbers of LG retailers in big cities including Guangzhou, Shanghai and Beijing. In addition, LG sells its products in home appliance interlink retail enterprises such as Suning and Gome in China. SAMSUNG Product As same as LG, Samsung also provides mobile devices, TV audio video and home appliances for Chinese shoppers. However, there are some products that LG lacks, such as camera camcorder, PC peripherals, print solutions, and memory cards (SAMSUNG, 2010b). Moreover, â€Å"focusing on the future of wireless communications, Samsung launched futuristic products such as the mobile hone watch, the PDA-phone, the digital camera cum mobile phone, the MP3 mobile phone and its latest model of 3G mobile phone† (123HelpMe, 2010). Price The price of Samsung products is similar with LG. For example, Samsung F480 Mobile Phone, which has â€Å"223 MB Memory, 5 Mega-Pixel Camera with 4 X Digital Zoom†, cost RMB 993-RMB 2,325. Another example, â€Å"Samsung UA40C7000 40 3 D LED TV, which is 40 Screen, Full HD, High Definition, Widescreen, HDMI, Internet, and 1920 x 1080 pixels†, cost RMB 9,320- RMB 15,656 (MyShopping, n. d. ). Promotion Samsung constantly holds sales promotional events. For example, recently, there is an event called â€Å"Samsung Smart TV Promotion† in HongKong. Customers can get a â€Å"FREE Samsung 1TB external Hard Drive and 3D Starter Gift Pack upon purchasing eligible model of 3D LEDTV and 3D LCD TV† from 16th October to 30th November (SAMSUNG, 2010c). The promotion is able to help Samsung expand its sales. Place Samsung sells its products by retailers and home appliance interlinks retail enterprises Suning and Gome as well as LG. Nevertheless, Samsung not only sells products in cities, but also in countryside. Samsung in China took part in a policy named â€Å"home appliances to rural areas† in 2009. This policy was to add profits to the masses that lived in rural areas. Samsung was one of the companies that help rural people improve their living standard. Conclusion In short, the report involves the background of the two competitive companies, theory of market segmentation and marketing mix and comparison between the two companies. Via discussing market segmentation and marketing mix of LG and Samsung, the superiorities of the two companies are obvious to be found. The general strength of Samsung is better than LG, so LG has to be enhanced. Recommendation According to the analyses above, LG is recommended to improve its promotional events so that there will be more consumers to purchase its merchandise. Furthermore, LG is supposed to expand the range of its products to different fields. However, Samsung should classify its segmentation more clearly. As a result, if the two companies reduce the price, the demand of their electronic products will increase. Read more: http://www. ukessays. com/essays/marketing/marketing-mix-of-lg-and-samsung-marketing-essay. php#ixzz2OTcQ9YYp Marketing Mix free essay sample The purpose of this paper is to describe the elements of the marketing mix which is product, place, price and promotion. In addition, selecting the organization whom I work for which is DirecTv and describe how each one of the four elements of the marketing mix impacts the development of DirecTv’s marketing strategy and tactics. This paper will also be describing how each element is implemented. The concept or term of â€Å"marketing mix† became popular after Neil H. Borden published his article in 1964, The Concept of the Market Mix. He later began teaching this term in the late 1940’s. The ingredients in Borden’s marketing mix included product planning, pricing, branding, distribution channels, personal selling, advertising, promotions, packaging, display, servicing, physical handling, and fact finding and analysis. Not long after E. Jerome McCarthy grouped these ingredients into four categories that today are known as the four P’s of Marketing. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These marketing decisions generally fall into the following four categories. The first P is product and this term refers to tangible, physical product as well as services. Some examples of the product decisions to be made are brand name, functionality, styling, quality, packaging, and so forth. The second P is Price which includes pricing strategy, suggested retail price, volume discounts wholesale pricing, cash and early payment discounts, seasonal pricing, and so forth. The third P is Place or distribution which is about getting the products to the customer. Some examples include distribution channels, market coverage, specific channel members, inventory management, warehousing, distribution centers, order processing, and so forth. The fourth P is Promotion which represents the various aspects of marketing communication, that is, the communication of information about the product with the goal of generating a positive customer response. Some examples are promotional strategy, advertising, sales promotions, public relations publicity, marketing communication budget and so forth (NetMBA, 2008). TiVo is a brand of digital video recorder that offers numerous functions far advanced than the regular VCR or DVD player. The TiVo recorder has the ability to pause and replay live TV as well as an array of flexible ecording services that is personalized for the consumers. The adoption of TiVo when it was first released was facilitated by the belief that consumers who owned a TiVo black box and subscribed to the TiVo service can take control of what programs to watch and when to watch them. The device attracted consumers who were tired of missing their favorite shows because they were too busy to watch them. TiVo also ena bled people to fast-forward over irreverent advertising. TV watchers can â€Å"pause† a live show to conveniently handle interruptions too. As shown above, the services that TiVo provides allow the consumer to be in control and makes TV viewing â€Å"a lot more enjoyable. † (Global Advertising Strategies, 2008) Television satellite provider DirecTV and TiVo have extended their current non-exclusive partnership to include the development of a new, high definition DirecTV digital video recorder (DVR). The two companies also extended their mutual intellectual property agreements. Financial terms were not disclosed. The deal is expected to bring TiVos broadband and search capabilities to a wider audience. DirectTV currently has more than 17 million subscribers, while, as of July, TiVo had 3. 8 million. In 2005, DirecTV said it would stop marketing TiVo and instead offer a DVR made by NDS, a division of News Corp. With the launch of High Definition, HD receivers along with the DVR features DirecTv are booming with orders for high definition. The packaging of these receivers for DirecTv started in black and the products were made from different companies like RCA, Phillips, Sony, Hughes and so forth. Since the taking of name of DirecTv, the product has since changed now the LEDs illuminate in blue a flashy pizzazz to the product. The casing went from a flat black to silver and back to a glossy black which gives it a bling-bling look you can’t resist. Striving for continuing growth in the US, DIRECTV has been targeting various ethnic communities in the US by expanding its programming lineup over the years. After the success of the initial offering of several Spanish-language channels, the company developed and implemented its WorldDirectc program to provide high-quality, in-language programming to various ethnicities in the United States. By the end of 2005, the company was able to offer its viewers Spanish, South Asian, Marketing Mix free essay sample Coffee is not just selling products, but it is a label. It is a label and a brand that consumers believe in. Starbucks decided to be personal with their customers. Understanding the consumers thoughts became a main goal for the marketing team. The marketing team understands that people want to belong and people want to feel they are being or doing something better than the quote on quote â€Å"others†. To relay these feelings to the customers Starbuck’s Coffee base the appeal on the environment that it provides for the customer. Starbuck’s Coffee expects customers to arrive at a given store, relax at a table, talk, read, listen to music, study and drink coffee. Starbucks also prides it’s self on diversity. Jim Donald, President and CEO of the Starbucks Corporation states, â€Å"When we embrace diversity, we succeed† (www. starbucks. com). Creating The Environment To create this type of environment Starbuck’s Coffee marketing team has placed conversation topics on the sides of each cup to spice up any meeting that one may have. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Starbuck’s Coffee also allows all customers to have access to the internet which always can prolong a stay. Starbuck’s Coffee guarantee’s the average customer that is visiting a store; quick service with the surety to leave with the strong smell of a coffee house. They are so committed to having their stores feel and smell like a coffee house that they even prohibit their employees from wearing perfume and cologne because it takes away the aroma of the coffee. In addition, Starbuck’s Coffee makes sure that they are environmentally friendly so that it also adds to their image that they are promoting. Kembell, 2002). PLACE Typically their stores are in high traffic locations where people will just encounter the store without having to search. Starbucks is placed in high-visibility locations. These locations are geared with the average building size of 1,500 square feet. This includes office building, shopping malls, grocery stores, and retail centers. These are the type of area’s people love to be in and Starbucks location is an added topping for both retailers and customer’s alike. Starbucks has built relationships and formed agreements with several companies who they see have additional avenues to meeting customers. These companies include but are not limited to Kraft Foods Inc, PepsiCo Inc, and Dreyers Grand Ice Cream. These agreements were made to reach more Starbuck’s Coffee consumers where ever they are. Distribution Starbucks does not limit the company to a physical location. Starbucks distributes there products via mail orders and online web-sites. Both of these avenues are used for the convenience of its customers. Again independent of the customers, anywhere any place when needed Starbucks is ready and available. Promotion Starbuck uses non-traditional forms of advertising. They use local print ads and imagery in movies to advertise. It is all about the label. It is the women on the cup says more than words. You see the label, and you sense the coffee. Price The products/label of Starbucks Coffee has been marketed so well that price is not a matter. People who come to Starbuck’s Coffee are buying the experience. The experience in many ways is priceless. The effects The marketing strategy for products that the marketing team used was branding the full experience. With the use of custom coffee beans, CD’s, coffee cups, signature chocolate, and an out of this world eco-friendly lay out; Starbucks has maintained a brand consumers believe in. The marketing strategy for place that the marketing team used was connecting with other companies to partner up and build relationships and formed agreements with several companies who they see have additional avenues to meeting customers.

IOC Essays

IOC Essays IOC Essay IOC Essay The extract presented to me today is from the novel Fifth Business by Robertson Davies, published in the year 1970. It is a fiction in which the story is told in the first persons point of view. To be brief, the story is written by Duncan Ramey as a letter on his retirement from teaching at Collarbone College, addressed to the school Headmaster. This extract features Padre Blazon discussing miracles in which he uses repetition to emphasize its strong meaning and effect, his childhood in which the reference of Jungian analysis is made and finally the comparison between Duncan, Boy and Blazon concerning his chastity and the love of his vocation. Initially, the writer uses most often reported speech where he summarizes the characters actions and thoughts, but in this particular text he uses direct speech a form of English to connect with the reader or in this case Duncan Ramey himself. At first the tone of the text is compassionate and filled with lessons to learn reminding the reader of a speech from someone wise. However, later the reader comes away with a sense of desperate needs from Padre as he claims Behold me, Ramey, a virgin at the age of seventy-six! P. 167). Furthermore, the text is direct as it refers to what miracles really are within the example of Padre Blazons childhood and many others. Lines like Look at me, Ramey. I am something of a miracle myself. (p. 1 66) can engage the reader and captivate their interest in knowing more about how Padre was a miracle himself. The simple sentences in this extract are a common structural device used to create a d ramatic effect such as tension. It also might suggest fear and fast-paced action or thoughts for example I quote Miracles are things people cannot explain. P. 1 66), here we see the intensity brought into one sentence to put in mind the readers attention. Secondly, this extract takes place when Duncan meets Padre Blazon and they have a deep discussion in which he shares his theory about Mary Dumpster and that leads to the subject of miracles. Blazon says Oh, miracles! They happen everywhere. They are conditional. (p. 1 66), through this quote we can state that Padre Blazon is a wise old man who is a confidant of Dunn, his knowledge and experience makes him one of the wisest characters in the novel. Although he lives with his own personal doubts, but through those doubts, he emits wisdom beyond belief. In this dialogue Padre Blazon targets Duncan with the purpose of defining miracles to him in different ways. The repetition Of miracle was really concentrated in the first paragraph to push the readers point of view as well as Duncan because in this case Padre was having a conversation with him. For instance when Blazon says Your artificial leg would have been a miracle in the Middle Ages-? probably a Devils miracle. (p. 66), we see how Padre as illustrating it to him. Duncan viewed his artificial leg as something he had to live with. In fact, its something he wouldnt think of as a miracle. More importantly the writer chose the word Devil to highlight how genius of a miracle it would have been in the Middle Ages. Nevertheless Fifth Business is based on Jungian psychology and throughout the novel there is many meanings and connections made with archetypes. In this case, it is Padr e Blazon, he is the wise old man who tells Dunn there are two types of truth: psychological and objective. He also tells Dunn that if he thinks Mary is a saint, then she is to him and that he should discover what role she plays in his personal mythology. To get back to the point, in this extract Padre discusses miracles in which Mary Dumpster plays a huge role because Dunn sees her as a fool-saint. A woman who brought his brother Willie back to life, transformed a tramp and finally appeared on the battlefield as the Virgin Mary in before Dunn lost consciousness. On the other hand, Blazon recalls that he is born with a past, which refers to the Jungian analysis once again. The second paragraph of this extract highlights his childhood and how he came to this world with a past constructed by his poor mother. Padre specifically says So she vowed solemnly, in church, that if she might bear a son, she would give him to the service of God. , being that, after having seven daughters and finally a son, his mother knew he was a miracle. As a result, he was and I quote studious, obedient, intelligent and chaste. (P. 167). Padre Blazon is a character that serves the purpose of helping Duncan better define himself. He comes to him as an older, trusted advisor. Blazon shows the reader how Duncan, even while doing good, has obsessive tendencies and he certainly helps him develop the idea of sainthood and the nature of the self, which is an occurring theme throughout the novel. In this extract we can see that Padres story about his childhood and his emphasis on miracles really comes back to Mary Dumpster and sainthood. Blazon is a man who has great experience and knowledge to give, which is why Duncan trusts him and listens to what he has to offer. Padre mentions and I tote I am going to Vienna now to work on the Catalogue of Greek Manuscripts in what used to be the Emperors Library. Hall be drowned in miracles, for those simple Greek monks liked nothing better and saw them everywhere. (p. 1 66), again we can see that he has the chance to work on Manuscripts in Vienna, something not anybody could do. Padre earns so many opportunities to learn more and master his knowledge, thus making him a wise old man. Regarding his chastity, Padre describ es his sexuality directly to the reader as mentioned before, but he also opens a parallel in which he says But always loud say, God did not give us this jewel of chastity to be trampled in the dirt pray for an honorable and loving marriage, and put me from your mind. (p. 167). This quote conveys the message of chastity, which was his weapon against those girls who wanted to seduce him. We can also make the comparison with Boy, Duncan and Padre. First, Boy breaks the message of this quote because he is someone that has the power and everything in his hands, he got every and any girl he wanted, yet he was married specifically putting his chastity in the dirt. Much less, Duncan has his morals and values, UT still managed to lose his virginity and get something out of it, experience wise versus Padre who kept his virginity. To conclude, this extract reveals many things about the characters, symbolism and the Jungian analysis. As I previously stated Padre Blazon is a wise old man with many experiences to learn and hear from, his wisdom nourishes Duncan in the two times they meet throughout the novel. This one in particular opens Duennas mind about miracles concerning Mary Dumpster and from this, he will continue his journey with the study of Histology.

Avogadros Number - Example Chemistry Problem

Avogadros Number Chemistry Problem Avogadros number is used in chemistry when you need to work with very large numbers. Its the basis for the mole unit of measurement, which provides an easy way to convert between moles, mass, and the number of molecules. For example, you can use the number to find the number of water molecules in a single snowflake. (Hint: Its an enormous number!) Avogadros Number Example Problem - Number of Molecules in a Given Mass Question: How many H2O molecules are there in a snowflake weighing 1 mg? Solution: Step 1 - Determine the mass of 1 mole of H2O Snowflakes are made of water, or H2O. To obtain the mass of 1 mole of water, look up the atomic masses for hydrogen and oxygen from the Periodic Table. There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen for every H2O molecule, so the mass of H2O is: mass of H2O 2 (mass of H) mass of Omass of H2O 2 ( 1.01 g ) 16.00 gmass of H2O 2.02 g 16.00 gmass of H2O 18.02 g Step 2 - Determine the number of H2O molecules in one gram of water One mole of H2O is 6.022 x 1023 molecules of H2O (Avogadros number). This relation is then used to convert a number of H2O molecules to grams by the ratio: mass of X molecules of H2O / X molecules mass of a mole of H20 molecules / 6.022 x 1023 molecules Solve for X molecules of H2O X molecules of H2O ( 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules ) / ( mass of a mole H2O  · mass of X molecules of H2O Enter the values for the question:X molecules of H2O ( 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules ) / ( 18.02g  · 1 g )X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1022 molecules/gram There are 3.35 x 1022 H2O molecules in 1 g of H2O. Our snowflake weighs 1 mg and 1 g 1000 mg. X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1022 molecules/gram  · (1 g /1000 mg )X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1019 molecules/mg Answer There are 3.35 x 1019 H2O molecules in a 1 mg snowflake. Avogadros Number Problem Key Takeaways Avogadros number is 6.02 x 1023. It is the number of particles in a mole.You can use Avogadros number to convert between mass and the number of molecules of any pure substance.If you are given the mass of a sample (such as a snowflake), convert the mass to moles, and then use Avogadros number to convert from moles to molecules.

Overview of Qualitative Research Study-Terence Essay

Overview of Qualitative Research Study-Terence - Essay Example This research method answers the how and why of decision making. It goes further than quantitative research method which only answers the where, what, and when? This paper aims at dissecting qualitative research to gain an understanding on the characteristics of the research design and to know when and where it is appropriate for use. A sample size refers to a subset of a population that gets selected for a given study. Sample size is a vital aspect of any research study. It provides for a basis from which inferences about a population can be determined. It refers to the number of observation used to calculate or determine the characteristics of a given population (Barbour, 2013). When undertaking sample size determination for qualitative studies, it is vital to know that there are no fixed or fast rules. However, it is important to give at least two considerations when coming up with the sample size. The first consideration should be how large does the sample need to be to enable the identification of consistent patterns. The sample size should be large enough to leave the researcher with nothing left to learn or no emergent trend. The second consideration should be how large the sample should be to provide a reflection of the target population. The sample size must be large enough to help assess an appropriate amount of diversity represented across the target population. Under qualitative studies, the researcher may estimate the sample size base on his or her data collection methods or the approach of their study. For example when undertaking a case study approach in a qualitative study, the researcher selects one case or one person. Another example can be when using focus group discussions as a data collection method. The researcher gets to create groups that average 5-10 people each (Silverman, 2013). The researcher also has to consider the number of focus groups that will be

Mexico4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mexico4 - Assignment Example The target groups of rape cases are mainly young women and girls who form the economic underclass of society and work in factories that pay low wages. Sexual murders and unexplained disappearance of women and young girls rank highest in Mexico vis a vis other North American countries according to Statistics by Human Rights Organizations and lobby groups. Chihuahua, Chiapas and San Salvador are places most affected by these cases. Efforts to salvage the rights of women in Mexico have had a plunge occasioned by repugnant tendencies of authorities and employers who actively and openly discriminate against women. They have adversely been mistreated as menial job workers at the Maquiladora Industrial plants; where jobs are terminated in case of pregnancy. Mexicans are considered to be reasonably religious, a situation that has contributed to several States pronouncing abortion as illegal (Wickam-Crowly & Eckstein, 2003). To this end, the jury is still out on whether this enacted law is a violation of the rights of women. Public outcries and sustained protests by Women rights activists led the Government to create the National Commission for Equality between Men and Women, CNDH, to look into social, legal and economic issues that were unfair to women. It also has programs that seek to empower women through teaching them their legal rights and training on ways to achieve sustainable livelihoods. Reproductive healthcare remains an issue of debate as most anti-abortionists see it as the platform used to legalize abortion (Wickam-Crowly & Eckstein,

My role model Essay Example for Free

My role model Essay To me a role model is someone in my life that has influenced me in a positive way. They help shape the way I am in the present and what I am going to be in the future. They are some one that I can look forward for advice in a tough situation and I know that they will give me advices with wisdom. They will never judge me on my past but only look to help because they really do care about me. Some one who I never feel awkward talking to about my problems because I know that it will not change their view of me and they will not reveal any information about me to other unrelated person or someone who are nosey. A role model should be sincere and not out for there own good but the good of others. I think that they should be older then I am because they need to have more experience then I do and need to have a deeper insight. It would be pointless to have a role model who knows less then me. Read more: My role model essay But apart from my parents, , teachers or very best friends like Brian Lee really do care about me a lot, there is nobody should be deserved to have a talk about, or can drag my attraction, or makes me change my personality and reach more achievements. I don’t have a real one honestly, but I would be searching for him or her! ( You must feel surprised that why do I write such a short paragraph this timeï Å )

The Segregation for Separate but Equal Essay -- Papers Jim Crow De Jur

The Segregation for Separate but Equal 'Separate but equal' was an expression often used in the early 20th Century to describe segregation - keeping black and white people apart. Segregation was made legal in 1896, but had actually been going on for some time before that. White Americans living in the South (13 states in the Southeast USA) were determined to keep the black population under control. So states in the South passed laws - even though the US is governed by Federal Law, each of the 50 separate states can make their own laws that only affect that state. Southern states such as Texas, Florida and Alabama passed laws between 1870 and 1900 which were known as Jim Crow laws, and kept black and white people apart. The Federal Government in the more powerful North of the country didn't like Jim Crow laws but did nothing stop them. Then on June 7th 1892 a black shoemaker called Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in a white seat on the East Louisiana Railway. He took his case to the State Court, and it eventually went all the way to the Supreme Court, the most powerful court in America. In 1896, Plessy lost again, and at the end of his trial the judge made a very important ruling. He said that segregation laws were acceptable in any state that wanted them, and that separate facilities for whites and blacks were legal - as long as they were equal. So separate was now ok - it just had to be equal. So although 'separate but equal' was now supposed to be the status of black and white Americans, but of course that wasn't usually the case. Almost everything was segregated, there were very few places in the South where black and w... ...heir skin. Homer Plessy, the man who first opposed Jim Crow laws was in fact à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã… ¾ white, but he was deemed below the white man who wanted his seat just because his skin was a little darker. Segregation laws would continue for over 50 years, and until they were abolished, black Americans would always have a lesser existence to whites. They were never thought of as equal to the whites, and the lives they were forced to live by Jim Crow laws were certainly not equal either. One black man summed it up when he said, "In reality a lot of effort was made to keep us separate, but not much was done to make us equal." His words undoubtedly paint a more realistic picture of Jim Crow laws than those of the Supreme Court or President Wilson, and tell us the harsh reality of segregation - they were separate, but definitely not equal.

Biome Essay

The African Savanna biome is a tropical grassland in Africa between latitude 15Â ° North and 30 degrees S and longitude 15 degrees W and 40Â ° West. It covers Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote D’ivore, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Botswana, and South Africa. Around 2 million large plant-eating mammals live in the savanna. There are 45 species of mammals, almost 500 species of birds, and 55 species of acacia in the Serengeti Plains. There are animals such as lions, African wildcats, klipspringer, steenbok, Burchell’s zebra, African Savanna monitor, and puff adders. They have the largest diversity of hoofed animals in the world including antelopes, wildebeest, buffalos, zebras, and rhinoceros. Fire, ground water, water table, soil’s moisture retention, landforms (plateau, mountain, valley) and their slope ( < 3% to > 10%), soil temperate, days of cloud cover versus days of sun for amount of sunlight and it influence, first & last frost dates for growing season. Focus on the limiting factors of the air supply, precipitation, soil types, & light.

The Sight of Beauty

I was walking on the beach right before the sunset, searching for a good spot to fish. I stop and gaze at the ocean. The waves, ever so gracefully crashing on the beach, a picture perfect moment. Perhaps moments were you feel worthy of being alive, seeing the beauty that Mother Nature has to offer. Seeing what the world has to offer of life. I came back from school, tired and exaughested. I Just had a very big and difficult examination that I did not do so well on.The agony of getting a below average grade when everybody got an above average grade. It is a feeling that is a very negative one. When I came out of school I had to study for another important test. In my mind, I'm thinking how all the world has to offer is difficulty in life, and if it's not difficulty, then its agony and self-consciousness. Hopefully I will get a sufficient grade to please my parents' expectations. To refresh my mind, I take a short walk on the beach with a fishing pole in one hand.As I was walking, I se e people stop and gaze at the water, taking pictures. These people also had a fishing pole, and fishermen are usually on a task, to catch fish and bring home a nice dinner to enjoy with their family. But these people are stopped dead in their tracks by a sight. What was this sight about? Maybe it was a big school offish, but as I looked, it was something better. It was a sight of beauty. The beauty of the ocean, the sunset, and how the waves in the ocean were ot rough white caps, but calm and beautiful.The waves crashing on the surf ever so gracefully, as if it was moving in a balletic. Then a thought hit me, of what the world has to offer me. It's not always difficulty in life, or agony or self-consciousness, but it offers you life, and the beauty of nature. Yes, the world offers you some challenges and difficulty, but it's only a small price to pay to see the beauty of the world. I am thankful of the beauties the world offers me

Adolescent Obesity essays

Adolescent Obesity essays The adolescent years are a time when body image is crucial and peers can be painfully critical (Morrill, Leach, Shreeve, Obesity has only recently been classified as an eating disorder. Previously the label obese was simply for labeling sake, but clearly serious implications are involved with the mental and physical health of the individual and more needs to be done. Currently, the amount of obese people is still on the rise and about 23% of the North American population is clinically obese (Gullotta, Adams The nature versus nature debate exists in the study of ...

How to Choose an Online Essay Writing Course That Works

How to Choose an Online Essay Writing Course That Works How to Choose an Online Essay Writing Course That Works If you struggle with writing, there are things you can do to help expound your existing skill set. One such thing is to partake of an essay writing course with the help of which you can learn a great deal. But before you pick a course, it is important to do some background work to find the best possible one. Research Look over the different courses available online and compare them. Check out what they have to offer, how they are held and what their structure is. Knowing what the services are, what the lessons will be, and how the classes are to be held is the best way to compare multiple courses in order to find the best one. Consult with Your Professor You can always run by your professors to find out their opinion about the courses you want to take. Chances are they will be more than willing to look over what the course has to offer and determine whether it is something which will be worth your time and efforts. Choose a Reliable Provider Today there are hundreds of online courses and they are particularly beneficial in what they have to teach and who they have teaching. Many qualified professors with decades of experience are offering course materials online which are equal to a higher level education. Students who want to improve their writing skills are able to take a course from a reliable provider and gain a great deal of information from them. Some of the most famous and trustworthy include Khan Academy, MOOC, and Coursera. There are also courses offered by universities. Study the Program of the Course See what precise topics will be covered. You might find that some of the content covered is information you already know, so another class might be a better investment. You might find that the class covers topics you know nothing about. Read User’s Reviews Compare what people have to say about the courses across multiple review platforms. Some reviews on a website are cherry picked for being the most positive while others are not. So reading as much as you can will give you the best detail possible. Ask for Free Trial Lessons Some courses online from reputable sources will offer free introductions to each of the classes and a trial lesson. These are important because they give you the chance to see how the teacher presents the information and whether the structure of the class works well for you. Overall, in order to improve your custom writing, you must work on it regularly. This can take the form of an additional essay writing course online to help you tap into the skill-set you already have and build upon it. You can find a good writing course by comparing the available services, choosing reliable providers, and reading reviews.

Educational Problems in Philosophical Perspective Research Paper

Educational Problems in Philosophical Perspective - Research Paper Example John Dewey summarized this debate in his book Experience and Education (2007). According to Dewey the practical affairs at school surround the debate between the traditional and progressive education. The traditional view of education is based on the premise that education is a body of information and skills crafted in the past hence schools are supposed to transfer to the new generation (Dewey, 2007). Many develop standards in the past like moral training, such as developing habits in the students confirm to these rules. The normal pattern of a social institute is in sharp contrast to the schools. For instance one can imagine the environment in an ordinary schoolroom. It includes time schedules, classes, exams, rules etc. Hence there is a general pattern that is found in the organization. In comparison, the environment at home where families live and communicate with each other, is completely different from the picture of a school classroom just portrayed. Regardless of which side the debate goes there is no denying that the main aim of education is to equip the youth for future responsibilities. Education aims to make them successful in their lives. This is achieved through imprinting information and skills in the minds of students, whenever they are understanding any instructional material. However, there are certain dependent factors that come along with this approach.